COLONOSCOPY
Home > COLONOSCOPY
COLONOSCOPY
A colonoscopy is a medical procedure utilized to examine the interior of the large intestine (colon) and rectum. Here’s an outline of the process:
Preparation: Before the colonoscopy, the patient must undergo bowel preparation to cleanse the colon. This typically involves adhering to a specific diet and taking laxatives or other medications to completely empty the bowels. It’s crucial to carefully follow the preparation instructions to ensure a successful procedure.
Arrival at the Facility: On the day of the colonoscopy, the patient arrives at the medical facility where the procedure will take place. They may be required to change into a gown and receive instructions from the medical staff.
Anesthesia: In most instances, the patient receives sedation or anesthesia to help them relax and minimize discomfort during the procedure. The level of sedation can range from mild, allowing the patient to remain awake but relaxed, to deeper sedation inducing sleep.
Insertion of Colonoscope: A colonoscope, a lengthy, flexible tube with a light and camera at its end, is inserted into the rectum and gently maneuvered through the entire length of the colon. The camera enables the doctor to view the lining of the colon and rectum on a monitor in real-time.
Visual Examination: As the colonoscope is slowly advanced, the doctor examines the colon’s lining for abnormalities like inflammation, polyps, ulcers, tumors, or signs of bleeding. If any abnormal areas are identified, the doctor may take tissue samples (biopsies) for further assessment.
Polyp Removal: During the colonoscopy, polyps (small growths on the colon lining) may be identified and removed using specialized instruments passed through the colonoscope. This is typically done as a preventive measure to reduce the risk of colorectal cancer.
Completion and Recovery: Once the examination is finished and any necessary procedures are performed, the colonoscope is withdrawn gradually. The patient is monitored until they are fully awake and alert. Some bloating, gas, or mild cramping may occur after the procedure, but these symptoms usually resolve quickly.
Colonoscopy serves as a vital screening tool for detecting colorectal cancer and other gastrointestinal conditions. It’s recommended for individuals at average risk starting at age 45-50, and earlier for those with certain risk factors or symptoms. Regular screening can aid in detecting and preventing colorectal cancer by identifying and removing precancerous polyps before they progress into cancer.